When it comes to wind turbines the bigger they are the harder they work generating more renewable offshore wind energy and providing a greater return on investment for developers.
As a result next-generation turbines are growing, and their components are getting larger and heavier. To meet the enhanced installation and maintenance requirements of these components the equipment used to move, lift, and install them must be upgraded and replaced, too.
Against this backdrop Netherlands-headquartered global heavy lift and transportation specialist Mammoet was contracted by Dutch designer and engineer of mobile offshore units and equipment GustoMSC to carry out leg crane replacements on two offshore wind farm installation jack-up vessels (Wind Orca and Wind Osprey) for Danish offshore wind farm construction, maintenance, and decommissioning company Cadeler.
The new leg cranes are fully electrically driven and have a 1,600t lifting capacity, making them ready to install and service next-generation wind turbines with capacity ratings exceeding 14MW.
The project represented a unique one for Mammoet, utilising not only one of the biggest cranes in its fleet but also its own yard in Schiedam to perform the job – the location allowing a rare opportunity to schedule projects simultaneously to greatly increase their efficiency.
BIG CRANE, SMALL FOOTPRINT
For the project, Mammoet utilised its PTC210-DS crane, one of five 5000t class ring cranes in its fleet and one of the largest cranes in the world.
The colossal size and stature of the crane belie its greatest strengths – its versatility and ability to operate in areas where space is limited.
Dirk Knoester, senior adviser at Mammoet, explains: “The PTC210-DS is the perfect crane for this job. It has a relatively small footprint combined with 360-degree slewing, with the possibility to switch between fixed and luffing jib mode (as only the PTCs can) resulting in the largest possible working area.
“PTC cranes can also be assembled in numerous configurations and thus a tailormade configuration is feasible for any job: different mainboom and jib lengths, fixed or luffing jib, different amounts of counterweight and two ring diameters.”
These attributes made it an ideal crane for this project, where jack-up vessels were to be positioned on either side of Mammoet’s quay – which has a peninsula configuration. So, flexibility was needed to allow two vessels to be worked on together.
SAFETY FIRST
The decision to have the PTC210- DS constructed in Mammoet’s own yard was driven by safety and optimising the schedule for the client by being able to refit both vessels at once.
Remco Zandstra, senior commercial manager at Mammoet, said: “Our yard has a unique location in the port of Rotterdam, and this gave us the possibility to position the crane between the two vessels and serve them at the same time.
"Not only does this save considerable time, by minimising movements of cranes in the yard and vessels along the quay, it also creates the safest possible solution to perform this project.”
With Wind Orca and Wind Osprey moored on opposite sides of the quay, the PTC210-DS could be positioned in the centre, slotted between both vessels.
Safety assessments were carried out at the start of the project. This was essential as surveys found that the dock itself consisted of two L-shaped concrete constructions with softer ground in the middle.
A soil survey was conducted at the proposed location of ring crane and, using this data, calculation models were created to predict the settlement of the soil under its weight.
To verify these models, load tests were carried out at both locations where the ring crossed areas without a dock floor.
LEG ROOM
The new leg cranes comprised four main sections to be installed: the pedestal, the rotating platform, the A-Frame, and the 149m mainboom.
To enhance stability and control during the mainboom lifts, an LR1800-1.0 crawler crane was used as an assist crane. Working together, the PTC210-DS lifted one end of the boom as the crawler crane lifted the other.
Performing this operation on a busy quay was a challenge that required effective space management. Mammoet’s Schiedam location serves many active projects in Belgium and the Netherlands on a daily basis. The site had to serve as a temporary laydown area for all components being added to the Wind Orca and Wind Osprey, including the large booms.
Lifting height proved another test for the engineers. At different stages of the operation the vessels had to be raised to a height of 73 metres above the quay using their jacking legs.
Jacking up the vessels to this height was necessary to keep the rigging short, since the new cranes are of the leg encircling type. This meant that the base of these cranes had to be lifted over the leg.
Thus, jacking up the vessels minimised the risk of collisions between the jack-up leg and sections of the PTC210-DS crane during lifts.
As crew could not embark and disembark the ships once they were elevated, additional safety considerations were taken to ensure that only authorised personnel – to operate the jacks and raise the vessels – were allowed aboard.
Work on Wind Orca and Wind Osprey will continue this year, with completion anticipated later in 2024.
According to Mammoet this project marks a special partnership between two neighbouring companies that has been symbolised by the Rotterdam skyline greeting one of the largest cranes in the world.
RAISING THE ROOF: BIG CARL MARKS A MAJOR MILESTONE AT HINKLEY POINT C
Sarens’s SGC 250 lays claim to being the largest crane in the world. Nicknamed ‘Big Carl’ it has a capacity of 5,000 tonnes in a single lift. Since 2019 it has been located at the Hinkley Point C nuclear power station construction site, on the west coast of England, where it has been crucial to the construction of the power station.
At the end of 2023, the 15th December to be precise, it conducted one of the most spectacular lifts of the job: it raised the lid for the station’s first reactor successfully into place.
The steel dome weighed 245 tonnes and is 14 metres tall; it now sits on top of the 44-metre-high reactor building. The dome is the top part of the reactor building’s inner containment, a steel cylinder encased in concrete. 47m in diameter, it is wider than the dome of St Paul’s Cathedral.
It is made up of 38 prefabricated panels which were shipped to Hinkley Point and welded together in an onsite factory. Prefabrication and modular construction are key features of the station’s construction.
The lift started at 07:20, a time carefully planned to take advantage of a weather window to allow the hour-and-a-half long manoeuvre to be completed in low wind conditions.
Earlier in December the 750 tonne Polar Crane, that will serve the reactor during its working lifetime, was lifted into place – again by Big Carl – in a single piece and set in place above the reactor building’s third and final steel liner ring. This internal crane will rotate 360° above the reactor and be used for refuelling and installing equipment.
The major milestone lift of the roof closes the building, allowing the first nuclear reactor – there will be two at the site – to be installed. 10,000 workers and 3,500 British companies are building the station, which is planned to provide zero-carbon electricity for six million homes once it is running in, according to the most recently-announced schedule, 2028.
A video of the lift can be seen here: www.youtube.com/ watch?v=s2GkK1TQzCc
